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Individual houses will put on stream |
03/03/2008
21.02.2008 06:26 | Russian newspaper
Housing - a serious basis for the growth of the economy. This said, speaking at the economic forum in Krasnoyarsk, First Vice-Premier Dmitry Medvedev. What are the challenges facing the industry, what is the complexity and how to overcome them? The questions "the Russian newspaper" said Deputy Minister of regional development Sergey Kruglik.
Rossiyskaya Gazeta : One of the objectives of the first vice-premier - to enhance an individual building. Does this mean that the industrial enterprises, mainly panel, are outdated and that the house with them in such a case do?
Sergey Kruglik : All at once a lot is not. In fact, the term "industrial construction" does not imply the construction of exclusive multi-storey housing. Already, construction of precast concrete safely used in low-rise construction. And it is very difficult to say which is cheaper: let's frame house on the Canadian technology, or of our precast concrete, which is likewise insulated, painted, and looks none the worse. So do not worry for our house plants - no work, they do not remain.
Fact that the focus is really on the low-rise houses, means that we are starting to worry not only about the volume of construction, which, of course, easier to give in the massive building, but also about the quality of life. Look, even now in TV Urgant with Posner going to show us one America. All of Europe is so: if skyscrapers, the only business of the city, this office building. For life - two to three storeys, so spacious, convenient, comfortable. And for the Russian space God commanded to build well.
WP : What hinders?
Kruglik : On the one hand, the mentality of people who used to live in apartment buildings. Refocused on the individual house is difficult. But now the fracture is happening - more and more e people clearly want to live closer to the earth in their own homes. But this is only one factor. The second factor, perhaps, posereznee: this is how the individual house construction. I recall that in 90 years with many companies simply calculated the ground, cut into plots, and they took themselves and built. In doing so, neither communication nor the social infrastructure. Who is housing need?
The challenge today is this: not just the allocation of plots for low-rise construction, and engineering required. Mandatory social improvement, not a "lifeless space" around, as the first vice-premier said.
And, of course, the third objective - development of individual houses. Wooden, box-frame, modular - different. рТЕДПУФБФПЮОП Technologies, and enterprise of such a lot in recent years, particularly in the European part of Russia.
Each technology has its place, and the rate of growth in an individual house is higher than in the general construction.
WP: All of this is so. However, in major cities continues to enforce it multistory building. In the same Moscow enormous infrastructural problems, such as transportation, but the city continues to accrete multi neighborhoods. Plus, the rapid construction in the area whose population has also traveled to the capital. Who makes the decision, tying the volume of construction and infrastructural capacity of the city?
Kruglik: In fact, to be town-planning decisions that shape the city's appearance in the light of comfortable living. There is a common pattern - the center is high, to the periphery of floors decreases. Moscow - this is, of course, a special case, is the most expensive land and its resources are very limited. But, I think, until it too reaches Moscow. But in fact such regulatory restrictions on the number of storeys in the capital today, no. While some areas of Moscow region, we have already agreed, and heads of municipalities have adopted such decisions. Suppose a building no higher than c so many meters.
With regard to the infrastructure - transport, utilities, energy, it is necessary to consider the development of neighboring areas in the complex. Problems peculiar to Moscow and Moscow region, today there are in other subjects.
WP: Another point made by Dmitry Medvedev, - we need new technology and new materials for construction, including energy saving. What are the prospects for us here?
Kruglik: Good. Let us recall the year 1998, defaulted. Maybe surprised, but it is very much helped the industry of building materials. Because it was expensive to import materials, for example, of the same in Finland. It became profitable to produce them at home. Almost 3-4 years, by the year 2002, we had on the European part of the country, production of building materials for about 70-80 percent of requirements. This material is quite competitive with European quality, including energy efficient properties. This wall materials, additions Thermal insulation, window units, ceramic tiles. Behind glass, but here in recent years been a qualitative shift.
The challenge now is to promote all of the East. There, builders are still using mostly zavoznye materials, because the volume of construction was miserable and invest in the construction of factories for the production of building materials to anyone, and never came.
But see: last year's Siberian Federal District, showed the highest growth rate of construction, then there is podtyanetsya building materials industry. Our business - follow that, and in the manufacture of building materials and the construction, overhaul and when, incidentally, also observed уоЙрЩ, including requirements to thermal conductivity.
WP: Nevertheless cement lobby continues to persist in its bow line and appearing regularly on forecasts that the implementation of national projects in jeopardy, that we can not, as planned, constructed in the year to 1 square meter per person, because cement is not enough. What do you think, maybe, really need special preferences tsementnikam?
Kruglik: In the last year bought 30 of the cement raw materials. This is from the 50 who exhibited at the auction. According to different estimates, by 2010 the volume of cement production will increase to 27 million tons a plus to what is done today. This is enough cement to all waterworks and all other constructions, not only for housing.
Moreover, returning to the beginning of the conversation, let us remember: first of all, will develop low-rise construction. But the lower floors, the lower the cement should be, there are already different materials - wood, multilayer panels. And if the concrete, the foam - it has lower thermal conductivity and it is easier and economical in terms of cement.
Therefore, I would not worry, the Pace yield a panic. In fact, the shortage of cement on a one-two months - at the height of summer. That's all. Builders are well aware, they are now in May, will buy what they need to be in August.
WP: That is zeroing prolongation of customs duties would not be?
Kruglik : customs duties on cement imports lifted for nine months. That is precisely captured the problematic years. And then, I think it is necessary to return to previous positions. Because the complete absence of restrictions on the market (even if it is all about the five-Duty), or to do good is not. You should still at least a little bit to protect its producers. Encourage them to develop their own production.
Help "WG"
In 2007, it was built 60.4 million square meters. meters of housing, 19 per cent higher than a year ago. In 2006, construction grew by 16 percent.
Volume of mortgage lending in 2007 amounted to 538 billion rubles - twice more than in 2006-m.
Experts estimate that in 2004 only 9 percent of families have sufficient income to buy housing on the market at the expense of their own savings and credit funds. At the end of 2007 by reducing interest rates and increasing mortgage lending in the housing market became available 19 per cent of families.
Under federal subprogramme "Young family" and regional programs in 2006-2007, received housing subsidies, and improved living conditions, according to preliminary data, about 82 thousand young families.
Source: Rosstat
Irina innocent
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